剑桥雅思阅读答案解析UK companies need more effective boards of directors

剑桥雅思12 Test8 Passage3阅读答案解析

第27题答案：iv

对应原文：A段：blame has been spread far and wide.Governments,regulators,central banks and auditors have all been in the frame.The role of bank directors and management and their widely publicised failures

答案解析：A段中提到，政府、管理者、中央银行、审计者、银行领导和管理都受到批评，认为他们应该为经济危机负责。这些机构正好对应iv选项中的many external bodies，由此确定答案。

第28题答案：ii

对应原文：B段：At the simplest and most practical level,the time involved in fulfilling the demands of a board directorship has increased significantly…Furthermore,the amount of reading and preparation required for each meeting is increasing

答案解析：B段列举了检视所带来的影响，一方面，完成董事会职责所需要的时间有了大幅度增长；另一方面，每次会议的阅读和准备量也在增加。由此确定ii选项为答案。

第29题答案：vi

对应原文：C段：Often,board business is devolved to committees in order to cope with the workload,which may be more efficient but can mean that the board as a whole is less involved in fully addressing some of the most important issues.

答案解析：C段开头提到，董事会的事务可以交给委员会来进行，这样效率更高，但意味着董事会在解决最重要的问题上参与变少。vi选项中risk对应but转折，take part in对应involve，solve major problems对应address important issues，由此确定答案。

第30题答案：viii

对应原文：D段：A radical solution…is the professional board,whose members would work up to three or four days a week,supported by their own dedicated staff and advisers.

答案解析：D段提出了一种解决方案，即建立专业董事会，其成员每周工作三到四天，由专业员工和顾问提供帮助。对应viii选项，改变董事会运行模式的提议，由此确定答案。

第31题答案：vii

对应原文：E段：One of the main criticisms of boards and their directors is that they do not focus sufficiently on longer-term matters

答案解析：E段开头就提到，针对董事会及领导的主要匹配之一是他们不够关注长远事务。vii选项中looking与focus对应，enough与sufficiently对应，ahead与longer term对应，由此确定答案。

第32题答案：i

对应原文：F段：Compensation for chief executives has become a combat zone

答案解析：原文中提到，对首席执行官的补偿的争论一直比较激烈。i选项中disputes对应combat，financial arrangements对应compensation，senior managers对应chief executives，由此确定答案。

第33题答案：iii

对应原文：G段：Boards of companies in all sectors will need to widen their perspective to encompass these issues and this may involve a realignment of corporate goals.

答案解析：G段提到，公司所有部门的董事会都将需要拓宽视野以全面思考这些问题，这也许会牵扯到企业目标的整改。选项中能够与之对应的只有iii。

第34题答案：YES

对应原文：A段：Following the 2008 financial meltdown…The role of bank directors and management and their widely publicised failures have been extensively picked over and examined in reports,inquiries and commentaries.

答案解析：其实这道题哪怕不去找对应原文，直接根据文章主题也可以很容易的判断为YES。毕竟整篇文章都讲的是2008年经济危机之后，对董事会的仔细核查。

第35题答案：NOT GIVEN

对应原文：无

答案解析：原文虽然确实提到了银行的管理失职，但并没有将其跟其他机构进行比较，由此确定答案为NOT GIVEN。

第36题答案：NO

对应原文：C段：It is not uncommon for the audit committee meeting to last longer than the main board meeting itself

答案解析：原文中提到，董事会议往往还不如执行功能的某个委员会开会时间长。题干中as long as necessary的描述与此相抵触，由此判断答案为NO。

第37题答案：NO

对应原文：C段：board business is devolved to committees…but can mean that the board as a whole is less involved in fully addressing some of the most important issues.

答案解析：根据原文描述，如果采用委员会结构的话，董事会对重大事务的参与会变少，而不是fully informed，由此确定答案为NO。

第38题答案：information

对应原文：D段：the executives had access to information that part-time non-executive directors lacked,leaving the latter unable to comprehend or anticipate the 2008 crash.

答案解析：根据2008这一年份定位到A段和D段，再根据non-executive directors锁定D段，lack of与lack对应，根据定语从句的结构，确定答案为information。

第39题答案：financial

对应原文：E段：One of the main criticisms of boards and their directors is that they do not focus sufficiently on longer-term matters of strategy,sustainability and governance,but instead concentrate too much on short-term financial metrics.

答案解析：根据too much和short-term定位到E段的这句话。emphasis on跟concentrate同义替换，由此确定答案为financial。

第40题答案：shareholders/investors

对应原文：F段：Many would argue that this is in the interest of transparency and good governance as shareholders use their muscle in the area of pay to pressure boards to remove underperforming chief executives

答案解析：根据pay定位到F段，题干问的是，董事会必须接受谁的意见。整段话中填上去语义合适的只有shareholders或者investors，由此确定答案。