2021年考研《英语二》真题（1）

2021年考研《英语二》真题（1）

考试采取“一题多卷”模式，试题答案顺序不统一，请依据试题进行核对。

Section I Use of English

Directions:

Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)

It's not difficult to set targets for staff.It is much harder,_____(1),to understand their negative consequences.Most work-related behaviors have multiple components._____(2)one and the others become distorted.

Travel on a London bus and you'll _____(3)see how this works with drivers.Watch people get on and show their tickets.Are they carefully inspected?Never.Do people get on without paying?Of course!Are there inspectors to _____(4)that people have paid?Possibly,but very few.And people who run for the bus?They are _____(5).How about jumping lights?Buses do so almost as frequently as cyclists.

Why?Because the target is _____(6).People complained that buses were late and infrequent._____(7),the number of buses and bus lanes were increased,and drivers were _____(8)or punished according to the time they took.And drivers hit these targets.But they _____(9)hit cyclists.If the target was changed to _____(10),you would have more inspectors and more sensitive pricing.If the criterion changed to safety,you would get more _____(11)drivers who obeyed traffic laws.But both these criteria would be at the expense of time.

There is another _____(12)people became immensely inventive in hitting targets.Have you _____(13)that you can leave on a flight but still arrive on time?Tailwinds?Of course not!Airlines have simply changed the time a _____(14)is meant to take.A one-hour flight is now ballad as a two-hour flight.

The _____(15)of the story is simple.Most jobs are multidimensional,with multiple criteria.Choose one criterion and you may well _____(16)others.Everything Can be done faster and made cheaper,but there is a _____(17).Setting targets can and does have unforeseen negative consequences.

This is not an argument against target-setting.But it is an argument for exploring consequences first.All good targets should have multiple criteria _____(18)critical factors such as time,money,quality and customer feedback.The trick is not only to _____(19)just one or even two dimensions of the objective,but also to understand how to help people better _____(20)the objective.

1.A.therefore B.however C.again D.moreover

2.A.Emphasize B.Identify C.Assess D.Explain

3.A.nearly B.curiously C.eagerly D.quickly

4.A.claim B.prove C.cheek D.recall

5.A.threatened B.ignored C.mocked D.blamed

6.A.punctuality B.hospitality C.competition D.innovation

7.A.Yet B.So C.Besides D.Still

8.A.hired B.trained C.rewarded D.grouped

9.A.only B.rather C.once D.also

10.A.comfort B.revenue C.efficiency D.security

11.A.friendly B.quiet C.cautious D.diligent

12.A.purpose B.problem C.prejudice D.policy

13.A.interesting B.revealed C.admitted D.noticed

14.A.break B.trip C.departure D.transfer

15.A.moral B.background C.style D.form

16.A.interpret B.criticize C.sacrifice D.tolerate

17.A.task B.secret C.product D.cost

18.A.leading to B.calling for C.relating to D.accounting for

19.A.specify B.predict C.restore D.create

20.A.modify B.review C.present D.achieve

考研英语词汇复习的原则

(1)有计划地背。英语单词几乎是天天必背的,但一定要有计划性,有的人常常用整段的时间如整个上午来背单词,有时候又一天都不翻一下词书,这是不可取的。最好制定一个计划,多少天背完一遍,每天背多少个,每天什么时候背,都应该规划地清清楚楚。关于每天什么时候背,应该因人而异,但这里可以推荐一个方案,即每整段时间的开头半个小时。

(2)大量但快速地背。考研要做的事情实在是太多,因此,由不得我们慢悠悠地来,背单词不可能花太我时间,但背单词又必顺要用时间来磨的而且,我们能早一点把单词过一遍对于我们复习英语是具体题型也有好处,如阅读理解,如果你一篇文中有几十个词都不认识,那么你很难读下去了,因此,个行之有效的方法是每次大量地背,迅速地背。