Alice Neel托福听力原文翻译及问题答案

Alice Neel托福听力原文翻译及问题答案

一、Alice Neel托福听力原文：

NARRATOR:Listen to part of a lecture in an art history class.MALE PROFESSOR:Alright,uh...so today we're moving on to Alice Neel,N-E-E-L.Uh,Alice Neel painted portraits,um,she was born in Pennsylvania and she lived from 1900 to 1984.And I guess you might say she experienced difficulties as an artist.She was in her 70s before she had her first major solo exhibition.Um,and this is due at least in part to,uh?er,because of photography.After photography became regarded as an art form,portrait painting became less prestigious,um,less respected as an art form and well...art photography kind of took its place.So you can imagine that a portrait artist would've had a hard time finding acceptance.

Uh,but the real reason I want to look at Neel is that I really find her style,um,she had interesting ways of portraying people.She combined some elements of Realism?What's Realism.Alison?FEMALE STUDENT:It's like,painting something exactly how it is,so an artist would try to make it as accurate,um,and objective as possible.Painting stuff just how it appears on the surface.MALE PROFESSOR:OK,good.So,Neel combined Realism with...well,actually,with Expressionism. And that is...um,we-we just covered this...FEMALE STUDENT:Um,it's into emotion,like artists are trying to,well,express themselves through the painting.Right?MALE PROFESSOR:Yep,the artist is depicting subjective emotions—showing the inner reality as interpreted by the artist,rather than the outward form,so the image itself might be distorted or exaggerated in some way.The expression overrides objective,uh,representation. OK,so.Alice Neel combined these two uh,styles.Yes?FEMALE STUDENT:Um,how is that even possible? How can you portray something exactly as it is,and at the same time,distort it with emotions?I don't get it.MALE PROFESSOR:Alright,good question.It's actually a good lead-in to some of the techniques that Neel used—that she employed to bridge that contradiction.In a minute I'll show you some of her portraits,and I'll want you to notice a few things about them.

First,Neel's use of bold color,alright?You'll see she uses color to convey emotion and feeling?Like,the subjects?clothing,for instance—it appears brighter than it really is.And the subjects,the people being portrayed—Neel paid special attention to faces...the way she paints the eyes,an-and how the faces are portrayed—these are quite realistic,like the realists?work.But another thing Neel did was use elongated,sort of stretchy figures.MALE STUDENT:But didn't a lot of Expressionist painters do that?So really you're saying that Neel's techniques were similar to what other artists were doing.What was it that she did that was,like,all her own?MALE PROFESSOR:OK,well,I think it has to do,partly,with the way she combined these techniques.So,for example those realistic faces and eyes but bright,distorted figures—It is a mix.You'll see that her portraits do reflect reality,um,the people that were actually sitting there.Realism was important in the sense that she wanted to show people as they really were—much like a photographer would.Uh,but Neel wasn't satisfied with photo-like realism.She went beyond that?and this is where Expressionism comes in.

She believed in capturing the whole person—not just what was on the surface.That's where the Expressionist distortion is important,in an attempt to reveal the subjects?character or personality.But Neel's paintings are distinctive for her time in part because they are portraits.Remember I said that photography,and art photography,had largely taken the place of portraiture,to the extent that some critics had declared the genre of portraiture to be dead.

But Neel felt that painting should reflect reality—a real realist's stance,you could say—and to her,individuals—people—best reflect the reality of their time—of the age that they live in.So she painted portraits.An-and if you look at her work—we're talking in the vicinity of 3,000 paintings?if you look at them,it's like this gallery of the whole century...an enormous range of subjects—families,women,children,artists,people in poverty...these paintings really spanned class,age,and gender.It's like she transformed the genre—it's not just formal depictions of,uh,presidents and ancestors anymore.But keep in mind that she was doing this when abstract art dominated the art scene.Representations of people weren't fashionable in the art world,and it wasn't until fairly late in the century that critics recognized the power of what she did.

二、Alice Neel托福听力中文翻译：

旁白：在艺术史课上听一节课的一部分。男教授：好吧，呃。。。所以今天我们将继续讨论Alice Neel，N-E-E-L。呃，Alice Neel画肖像画，嗯，她出生在宾夕法尼亚州，生活在1900年至1984年。我想你可能会说她作为一名艺术家经历了很多困难。她在70多岁时才举办了第一次大型个展。嗯，这至少部分是因为，呃？呃，因为摄影。在摄影被视为一种艺术形式之后，肖像画就不再那么有威望了，嗯，作为一种艺术形式，也不再那么受人尊敬了。。。艺术摄影取而代之。所以你可以想象一个肖像画家很难被接受。

呃，但我想看看尼尔的真正原因是，我真的找到了她的风格，嗯，她刻画人的方式很有趣。她结合了一些现实主义元素？什么是现实主义。艾莉森？女学生：这就像是，画出某样东西的本来面目，所以艺术家会尽量做到准确、嗯、客观。把东西画在表面上。男教授：好的，很好。所以，尼尔把现实主义和。。。实际上，是表现主义；那就是。。。嗯，我们刚刚报道了这个。。。女生：嗯，这是一种情感，就像艺术家试图通过绘画来表达自己一样。正当男教授：是的，艺术家描绘的是主观情感，表现的是艺术家所诠释的内在现实，而不是外在形式，因此图像本身可能会以某种方式被扭曲或夸大。表达式覆盖了目标，呃，表示&nbsp；好吧，那么。Alice Neel将这两种风格结合在一起。对女生：嗯，这怎么可能呢；你如何准确地描述事物的本质，同时又用情感扭曲它？我不明白。男教授：好的，好问题。这实际上是尼尔用来弥合矛盾的一些技巧的一个很好的引子。等一下，我会给你看一些她的肖像，我想让你注意一些关于它们的事情。

首先，尼尔使用了大胆的颜色，好吗？你会看到她用颜色来表达情感？比如，主题？比如说，衣服看起来比实际要亮。而被刻画的人物尼尔特别注意面部表情。。。她画眼睛的方式，以及脸是如何被描绘的这些都很现实，就像现实主义者一样？工作但尼尔做的另一件事是使用拉长的、有弹性的人物。男学生：但是很多表现主义画家不是这样做的吗？所以你真的是说尼尔的技巧和其他艺术家的相似。她是怎么做的，就像她自己做的一样？男教授：好吧，我认为部分原因在于她结合这些技术的方式。所以，举例来说，那些真实的面孔和眼睛，但明亮、扭曲的人物，这是一种混合。你会看到她的肖像确实反映了现实，嗯，实际上坐在那里的人。现实主义很重要，因为她想向人们展示他们真正像摄影师一样的样子。呃，但尼尔对照片般的写实主义并不满意。她超越了那个？这就是表现主义的用武之地。

她相信要抓住整个人，而不仅仅是表面上的东西。这就是表现主义扭曲的重要性所在，试图揭示主题？性格或个性。但尼尔的绘画在她那个时代与众不同，部分原因是因为它们是肖像画。记得我说过，摄影和艺术摄影在很大程度上已经取代了肖像画，以至于一些评论家宣布肖像画流派已经消亡。

但尼尔认为绘画应该反映现实——你可以说，一个真正现实主义者的立场，对她来说，人们最能反映他们所处时代的现实。所以她画肖像画。如果你看看她的作品，我们谈论的是3000幅左右的画？如果你看看它们，它就像是整个世纪的画廊。。。范围广泛的主题家庭、妇女、儿童、艺术家、穷人。。。这些画跨越了阶级、年龄和性别。这就像她改变了这一类型，不再只是对总统和祖先的正式描述。但请记住，她是在抽象艺术主宰艺术舞台的时候这样做的。在艺术界，人物的表现并不流行，直到本世纪末，评论家才认识到她所做的事情的力量。

三、Alice Neel托福听力问题：

Q1:1.What aspect of Alice Neel's work does the class mainly discuss?

A.The ways that her artistic style developed over time

B.The influence of photography on her portraits

C.The style she used to portray her subjects

D.Criticism of her approach to Realism and Expressionism

Q2:2.What point does the professor make about photography and portraiture in the twentieth century?

A.Painters began to produce more lifelike portraits in imitation of photography.

B.Photography largely replaced the tradition of portrait painting.

C.Photographers followed the style of portrait painters in creating their work.

D.Both photography and portrait painting were considered inferior art.

Q3:3.According to the professor,what two aspects of Neel's work are characteristic of Expressionism?[Click on 2 answers.]

A.The depiction of unusual object

B.The way the subjects'faces are portrayed

C.The shape of the subjects'bodies

D.The use of color in the paintings

Q4:4.According to the professor,why did Neel paint portraits?

A.She felt that it was the best way to represent a time period.

B.She enjoyed the technical challenge of painting portraits.

C.She found that it was too difficult to earn a living painting abstract art.

D.She followed the lead of Expressionist painters who also painted portraits.

Q5:5.Why does the professor discuss the variety of people in Neel's portraits?

A.To explain why it took Neel a long time to find her characteristic style

B.To explain why Neel experimented with genres other than portraiture

C.To identity elements of Realism and Expressionism in Neel's portraits

D.To emphasize a distinctive feature of Neel's body of work

Q6:6.Why does the professor say this:

A.To influence the students'opinion about Alice Neel's work.

B.To suggest that Alice Neel created her best paintings late in her career.

C.To reinforce the fact that Neel's work was not appreciated.

D.To show that Alice Neel's situation was similar to his own.

四、Alice Neel托福听力答案：

A1:正确答案：C

A2:正确答案：B

A3:正确答案：CD

A4:正确答案：A

A5:正确答案：D

A6:正确答案：C