Write a paper about hydroponic farming托福听力原文翻译及问题答案

Write a paper about hydroponic farming托福听力原文翻译及问题答案

一、Write a paper about hydroponic farming托福听力原文：

NARRATOR:Listen to part of a conversation between a student and the professor of his history of technology class.MALE STUDENT:Would it be OK to focus on something related to agriculture?FEMALE PROFESSOR:Sure,farming technology is fine,as long as it's premodern.But this isn't a long paper,so you're gonna need to pick a specific area of premodern agriculture,like,um,irrigation...or food crops of ancient Greece...MALE STUDENT:I'm actually interested in hydroponics.FEMALE PROFESSOR:Hydroponics...growing plants in water instead of soil...MALE STUDENT:Well,not in pure water–in water that has the proper mix of nutrients.FEMALE PROFESSOR:O-OK,but...is it a premodern technology?I mean,hydroponics isn't really my specialty,but from the research I've read,we're talking the nineteenth century...maybe the seventeenth century,if you really stretch it.MALE STUDENT:Oh?But the Aztec civilization back in the thirteenth century in"basically where Mexico City is today".An article I read said the Aztecs were using hydroponics in something they called...I've got the word right here...um...Chinampas.

FEMALE PROFESSOR:Chinampas–the so-called floating gardens...MALE STUDENT:Exactly!So,yeah,the chinampas....The article said,very clearly,these floating gardens are proof that the Aztecs invented hydroponic farming.FEMALE PROFESSOR:Well,chinampas are artificial islands,built up in shallow lakes–islands made from packed earth and weeds,and,uh,material from the bottom of the lake.They may have appeared to be floating in the water,but in fact they reach all the way to the bottom of the lake.So the primary growing medium–that the plants draw nutrients from–is actually soil,not water.MALE STUDENT:So the article was wrong about that.Too bad.It seemed like a great topic,but I guess...FEMALE PROFESSOR:Wait a minute.Uh,just because chinampas were not technically hydroponic...doesn't mean this couldn't be an appropriate topic for your paper.Chinampas were still a great premodern technological achievement. I mean,they enabled the Aztecs to grow plenty of food...in an area without much available farmland.

MALE STUDENT:But I wonder why the author wrote that chinampas were hydroponic?FEMALE PROFESSOR:Well,it's pretty common for writers to generalize–say,use a term like"hydroponics"to describe other types of agriculture.Personally,I'd never say"hydroponic"except for plants growing in liquid.The crops on chinampas definitely benefitted from the water surrounding them,but hydroponic?

MALE STUDENT:OK,so I'll go with chinampas,but leave out the"hydroponics"part...

FEMALE PROFESSOR:Actually,there's an important lesson here:we should pay attention to what happened in history,but also how historical events are presented.Why,for example,would writers use a word like"hydroponics"so casually?MALE STUDENT:I guess'cuz it's a popular topic people wanna read about?FEMALE PROFESSOR:Or...to help modern-day readers understand something historical,maybe these writers think a familiar frame of reference is needed.MALE STUDENT:Well,that article was in a popular magazine,not a scholarly journal for historians.FEMALE PROFESSOR:OK,but historians sometimes do the same thing.MALE STUDENT:So I guess then that all historians might not describe chinampas in quite the same way either.FEMALE PROFESSOR:Good point.Why not look into that too?...and include it along with your description and analysis.

二、Write a paper about hydroponic farming托福听力中文翻译：

旁白：听一段学生和他技术史课的教授之间的对话。男学生：专注于与农业有关的事情可以吗？女教授：当然，农业技术是好的，只要它是前现代的。但这不是一篇很长的论文，所以你需要选择一个特定的前现代农业领域，比如，灌溉……或者古希腊的粮食作物……男学生：我对水培很感兴趣。女教授：水培……在水中而不是土壤中种植植物……男学生：嗯，不是在纯水中——在含有适当营养成分的水中。女教授：好吧，但是……这是一项前现代技术吗？我的意思是，水培不是我真正的专长，但从我读到的研究来看，我们谈论的是19世纪……也许是17世纪，如果你真的扩展它的话。男学生：哦？但阿兹特克文明可以追溯到13世纪，“基本上就是今天的墨西哥城”。我读到的一篇文章说阿兹特克人正在使用水培，他们称之为……我这里有个词……嗯……中国海洋公园。

女教授：中国公园——所谓的浮动花园……男学生：没错！所以，是的，中国海洋公园……文章非常清楚地说，这些漂浮的花园证明了阿兹特克人发明了水耕农业。女教授：嗯，中国海洋保护区是人工岛屿，建在浅水湖泊中——岛屿是由填充的泥土和杂草，以及，呃，湖底的材料制成的。它们看起来似乎漂浮在水中，但实际上它们一直延伸到湖底。因此，植物吸收养分的主要生长介质实际上是土壤，而不是水。男学生：所以这篇文章是错误的。太糟糕了。这似乎是一个很好的话题，但我想……女教授：等等。呃，仅仅因为中国海洋公园在技术上不是水培的…并不意味着这不能成为你论文的合适主题。中国海洋公园仍然是一项伟大的前现代技术成就&nbsp；我的意思是，他们让阿兹特克人在一个没有多少可用农田的地区种植了大量的粮食。

男学生：但我想知道为什么作者写道中国海洋公园是水培的？女教授：嗯，对于作家来说，概括是很常见的——比如说，用“水培”这样的术语来描述其他类型的农业。就我个人而言，除了在液体中生长的植物，我从来不会说“水培”。chinampas上的作物肯定受益于周围的水，但水培？

男学生：好吧，那么我就和中国农耕协会一起去，但不包括“水培”部分。。。

女教授：事实上，这里有一个重要的教训：我们应该关注历史上发生的事情，但也要关注历史事件的呈现方式。例如，为什么作家会如此随意地使用“水培”一词？男学生：我想是因为这是一个大家都想读的热门话题吧？女教授：或者……为了帮助现代读者理解历史，也许这些作家认为需要一个熟悉的参照系。男学生：嗯，那篇文章是在一本流行杂志上发表的，不是历史学家的学术期刊。女教授：好吧，但历史学家有时也会这么做。男学生：那么我想所有的历史学家可能也不会用完全相同的方式来描述中国海洋公园。女教授：很好。为什么不也调查一下呢。。。并将其与您的描述和分析一起包括在内。

三、Write a paper about hydroponic farming托福听力问题：

Q1:1.Why has the student come to see the professor?

A.To find out her reaction to a paper he recently submitted

B.To point out a factual error in an article the class was assigned to read

C.To ask about the suitability of a topic he wants to write about

D.To ask about the difference between chinampas and hydroponics

Q2:2.What does the professor imply about hydroponics?

A.It was probably invented by the Aztecs.

B.It is a relatively modern development in agriculture.

C.It requires soil that is rich in nutrients.

D.It is most successful when extremely pure water is use.

Q3:3.Why does the professor describe how chinampas were made?

A.To emphasize that the topic selected for a paper needs to be more specific

B.To encourage the student to do more research

C.To point out how much labor was required to build chinampas

D.To explain why crops grown on chinampas should not be considered hydroponi

Q4:4.What does the professor think about the article the students mentions?

A.She is convinced that it is not completely accurate.

B.She believes it was written for readers with scientific backgrounds.

C.She thinks it is probably too short to be useful to the student.

D.She has no opinion about it,because she has not read it.

Q5:5.What additional information does the professor suggest that the student include in his paper?

A.A comparison of traditional and modern farming technologies

B.Charges in the designs of chinampas over time

C.Differences in how various historians have described chinampas

D.Reasons why chinampas are often overlooked in history books

四、Write a paper about hydroponic farming托福听力答案：

A1:正确答案：C

A2:正确答案：B

A3:正确答案：D

A4:正确答案：A

A5:正确答案：C