Gonur-depe托福听力原文翻译及问题答案

Gonur-depe托福听力原文翻译及问题答案

一、Gonur-depe托福听力原文：

NARRATOR:Listen to part of a lecture in an archaeology class.FEMALE PROFESSOR:It's every archaeologist's dream to find a lost civilization,to make some huge discovery,to find artifacts no one else has laid a hand on in millennia.You might think that this never happens any more,given all the research in archaeology that's been done.But in the late twentieth century,archaeologists discovered the remains of a sophisticated people whose settlement might have been the hub of a civilization few people even thought existed.They found this site at the edge of a desert in Turkmenistan,in central Asia,where a series of mounds rise up from the plains.Now,you might remember because we've talked about this,archaeologists know that mounds such as these are the kinds of geological features that indicate the presence of ancient settlements.Jim?MALE STUDENT:Um,mounds can be different things,right?Some are burial places...

FEMALE PROFESSOR:Exactly.And some are the remains of cities.The inhabitants would build houses and temples you know,what have you.And over time,those buildings would fall down or be torn down and then be built over.Over time,generations of building and rebuilding in the same area would result in a large hill the size of a city.Careful excavation and documentation of layers in a mound can reveal a wealth of information about the everyday life of a people in a settlement over many periods of occupation.Now,this particular site is called Gonur-depe.What was found at Gonur-depe was amazing:the ruins of a huge palace complex,the foundations of shops and houses,the remains of thick walls and towers that fortified the city.There was even an elaborate canal system and a lot of very intricate jewelry.All these findings seem to indicate that they are the remains of an ancient civilization that was every bit as advanced as other more famous civilizations of the time.Like those in Egypt,or,or China.And the site dates back to 3,000 B.C.E!MALE STUDENT:Did they trade with those other civilizations?Because if they did,wouldn't there've been some evidence of that?You know,an artifact found in the ruins of other civilizations?FEMALE PROFESSOR:That's a good question.I mentioned Jewelry,well,Jewelry have been found in Mesopotamia and at archaeological sites in modern-day Pakistan.But archaeologists didn't know where it came from.Only after the site at Gonur-depe was excavated were archaeologists able to identify it as coming from Gonur-depe.Uh,Sheryl?MALE STUDENT:I wonder why nobody have found this site before?FEMALE PROFESSOR:Well,before the discovery of this site,it was commonly believed that central Asia had always been occupied by mostly nomadic people.So there would be no record of major settlements.A couple of small finds have been made in the area,but really,no one had looked very hard.Now,one mystery regarding this site is that archaeological records show it was inhabited for only a few centuries.MALE STUDENT:What happened to the people who lived there?FEMALE PROFESSOR:Well,the site was close to the Murgab River,which they would have depended on for their water.And the Murgab River,which runs toward the west,is the kind of river that shifts its course over time.So one theory is that the river's course shifted toward the South,and they simply followed it and built new towns to the South.

Another theory is that they were involved in wars with neighboring settlements.But we might never know the truth.One thing we do know is that,in the decades since Gonur-depe was discovered,the site has deteriorated significantly.I mean,it's been disturbed for the first time in millennia.And being exposed to the Sun and wind has taken its toll on the ancient city.

So now the question is,do we partially restore and rebuild the site before the entire thing disintegrates?It will take a lot of funding to restore it and I am not sure it'll be made available,which would be a pity.Even a partly altered site can provide valuable information,which would be lost otherwise.

二、Gonur-depe托福听力中文翻译：

旁白：听一节考古学课上的讲座。女教授：每一位考古学家的梦想都是找到一个失落的文明，做出一些巨大的发现，找到几千年来无人涉足的文物。你可能会认为这再也不会发生了，因为考古学的研究已经完成了。但在二十世纪末，考古学家发现了一个老练的民族的遗骸，他们的定居点可能是一个几乎没有人认为存在的文明的中心。他们在中亚土库曼斯坦的沙漠边缘发现了这个遗址，那里有一系列的土丘从平原上升起。现在，你可能还记得，因为我们已经讨论过了，考古学家知道像这样的土丘是表明古代定居点存在的地质特征。吉姆？男学生：嗯，土丘可以是不同的东西，对吗？有些是墓地。。。

女教授：没错。有些是城市的遗迹。居民们会建造房屋和寺庙，你知道，你有什么。随着时间的推移，这些建筑会倒塌或被拆毁，然后重新建造。随着时间的推移，在同一地区几代人的建筑和重建将导致一座城市大小的大山。仔细挖掘和记录一个土丘中的层，可以揭示居住区居民在许多占领时期的日常生活的丰富信息。现在，这个特殊的地点被称为Gonur depe。在Gonur depe发现的东西令人惊叹：巨大宫殿建筑群的废墟，商店和房屋的地基，坚固城市的厚墙和高塔的遗迹。甚至还有一个精心设计的运河系统和许多非常复杂的珠宝。所有这些发现似乎表明，它们是古代文明的遗骸，与当时其他更著名的文明一样先进。比如在埃及，或者中国。该网站可追溯到公元前3000年！男学生：他们和其他文明进行贸易了吗？因为如果他们这么做了，难道就没有证据吗？你知道，在其他文明的废墟中发现的人工制品？女教授：这是个好问题。我提到了珠宝，在美索不达米亚和现代巴基斯坦的考古遗址发现了珠宝。但考古学家不知道它来自哪里。只有在Gonur depe的遗址被挖掘后，考古学家才能够确定它来自Gonur depe。谢丽尔？男学生：我想知道为什么以前没有人发现这个网站？女教授：在发现这个遗址之前，人们普遍认为中亚一直被游牧民族占据。因此，没有重大定居点的记录。在该地区已经发现了一些小发现，但实际上，没有人仔细观察。现在，关于这个遗址的一个谜团是考古记录显示它只有几个世纪有人居住。男学生：住在那里的人怎么了？女教授：嗯，这个地点靠近穆尔加布河，他们的水源就依赖于这条河。而流向西部的穆尔加布河是一种随着时间推移而改变河道的河流。所以有一种理论认为，河流的流向是向南的，他们只是沿着这条河流向南修建了新的城镇。

另一种理论是，他们卷入了与邻近定居点的战争。但我们可能永远不会知道真相。我们知道的一件事是，在Gonur depe被发现后的几十年里，该遗址已经严重恶化。我是说，这是几千年来第一次受到干扰。暴露在阳光和风中对这座古城造成了损害。

所以现在的问题是，我们是否在整个东西解体之前部分地恢复和重建了现场？修复它将需要大量资金，我不确定它是否可用，这将是一个遗憾。即使是部分更改的站点也可以提供有价值的信息，否则这些信息将丢失。

三、Gonur-depe托福听力问题：

Q1:1.What does the professor mainly discuss?

A.Evidence of an ancient civilization in central Asia

B.Archaeological techniques used to uncover ancient settlements

C.The controversy concerning an archaeological find in central Asia

D.Methods used to preserve archaeological sites in arid area

Q2:2.What point does the professor make about mound sites?

A.They are easier to excavate than other types of archaeological sites.

B.They often provide information about several generations of people.

C.They often contain evidence of trade.

D.Most have been found in what are now desert areas.

Q3:3.Why does the professor compare Gonur-depe to ancient Egypt?

A.To point out that Gonur-depe existed earlier than other ancient civilizations

B.To emphasize that the findings at Gonur-depe are evidence of an ancient civilization

C.To demonstrate that the findings at these locations have little in common

D.To suggest that the discovery of Gonur-depe will lead to more research in Egypt

Q4:4.What does the professor imply about the people of Gonur-depe?

A.They avoided contact with people from other areas.

B.They inhibited Gonur-depe before resettling in Egypt.

C.They are skilled in jewelry making.

D.They modeled their city after cities in China.

Q5:5.Settlements existed at Gonur-depe site for only a few hundred of years.What does the professor say might explain this fact?[Click on two answers.]

A.War with neighboring settlements

B.Destruction caused by an earthquake

C.Changes in the course of the Murgab River

D.Frequent flooding of the Murgab River

Q6:6.What is the professor's opinion of the future of the Gonur-depe site?

A.She believes it would be a mistake to alter its original form.

B.She doubts the ruins will deteriorate further.

C.She thinks other sites are more deserving of researchers'attention.

D.She is not convinced it will be restored.

四、Gonur-depe托福听力答案：

A1:正确答案：A

A2:正确答案：B

A3:正确答案：B

A4:正确答案：C

A5:正确答案：AC

A6:正确答案：D