雅思阅读话题及范文:a reference to characteristics that only apply to food production

雅思阅读话题及范文:a reference to characteristics that only apply to food production

剑桥雅思真题12Test6阅读P1

The risks agriculture faces in developing countries

Synthesis of an online debate答案+解析

Questions 1—3

1.a reference to characteristics that only apply to food production

答案：A

题干翻译：提到一些只适用于食品生产的特点

题目解析：A段第一、二句：Two things distinguish food production from all other productive activities: First, every single person needs food each day and has a right to it; and second, it is hugely dependent on nature.此处体现了food production与其他生产行为的不同之处。而在之后的一句中，说到These two unique aspects 使粮食生产different from any other business，也在此印证了这一点。因此本题答案为A。

2.a reference to challenges faced only by farmers in certain parts of the world

答案：B

题干翻译：提到一些只有世界上特定地区的农民会面临的挑战

题目解析：B段第二句：However, smallholder farmers in developing countries must in addition deal with adverse environments, both natural, in terms of soil quality, rainfall ,etc., and human, in terms of infrastructure, financial systems, markets, knowledge and technology. 文章B段开头提到了世界各地的农民都要面临一些风险，但是根据第二句得知有些挑战只是smallholder farmers in developing countries会面临，这与题目中challenges faced only by farmers in certain parts of the world的表述一致。因此本题答案为B。

3.a reference to difficulties in bringing about co-operation between farmers

答案：H

题干翻译：提到促进农民之间进行合作的难处

题目解析：H段第四、五句：One commentator, Giel Ton, warned that collective action does not come as a free good. It takes time, effort and money to organize, build trust and to experiment.本题中提到的co-operation between farmers出现在文章H段，第一句便提到了collective action groups, co-operatives or producers' groups,之后写到了这种做法的好处，但通过第四、五句的表述，可以看到这种做法也是存在difficulties的。因此本题答案为H。

Questions 4—9

4.Financial assistance from the government does not always go to the farmers who most need it.

答案：D

题干翻译：政府的财政支持并不总是到最需要它的农民手中。

题目解析：文章E段重点谈到社会保障和社会福利体系的话题，其中Rokeya Kabir提到，these have not compensated for the stranglehold exercised by private traders，并且sixty percent of beneficiaries of subsidies are not poor, but rich landowners and non-farmer traders，因此根据观点的人名对应，本题答案为D。

5.Farmers can benefit from collaborating as a group.

答案：B

题干翻译：农民可以通过组成合作团体而受益。

题目解析：文章H段重点谈了农民通过合作和组成各种团体的形式来减少风险，其中前半段重点说这样做的方法和好处，之后也提到了可能存在的问题，其中Murphy的观点是，collective action offers an important way for farmers to strengthen their political and economic bargaining power, and to reduce their business risks，因此根据人名对应选项即可，本题答案为B。

6.Financial assistance from the government can improve the standard of living of farmers.

答案：C

题干翻译：政府的财政支持可以改善农民的生活水平。

题目解析：文章E段开头提到了social safety nets and public welfare可以address poverty among farming families and reduce their vulnerability to agriculture shocks，这一观点与题目中improve the standard of living of farmers一致，之后将人名与选项对应即可，因此本题答案为C。

7.Farmers may be helped if there is financial input by the same individuals who buy from them.

答案：G

题干翻译：如果有来自购买者的财政投入，对农民或许是有帮助的。

题目解析：文章I段提到由于intermediary purchasers的存在，使农民处于更加不利的地位，之后也提出了解决这一问题的方法，其中Sonali Bisht,提出consumers invest in local farmers可以有效增加农民保障，他的观点与本题的表述一致，因此本题答案为G。

8.Governments can help to reduce variation in prices.

答案：B

题干翻译：政府可以帮助减少价格差异。

题目解析：文中D段提到很多人call for greater state intervention,之后谈到了关于基础设施方面的建议，之后出现了关于政府行为有助于减少价格影响的表述：the procurement and holding of stocks by governments can also help mitigate wild swings in food prices，与选项对应即可，因此本题答案为B。

9.Improvements to infrastructure can have a major impact on risk for farmers.

答案：A

题干翻译：基础设施的改善会对农民面临的风险产生很大的影响。

题目解析：文中D段提到很多人call for greater state intervention，之后谈到了关于基础设施方面的建议：governments can significantly reduce risks for farmers by providing basic services like roads...，这与题目表述一致，根据提出本观点的人名进行对应即可，因此本题答案为A。