Australian Aboringinal Rock Paint剑桥雅思8-听力原文翻译及答案解析

一、Australian Aboringinal Rock Paint听力原文：

Good morning,everyone.

I've been invited to talk about my research project into Australian Aboriginal rock paintings.

The Australian Aborigines have recorded both real and symbolic images of their time on rock walls for many thousands of years.

Throughout the long history of this tradition,new images have appeared and new painting styles have developed.

And these characteristics can be used to categorise the different artistic styles.

Among these are what we call the Dynamic,Yam and Modern styles of painting.

One of the most significant characteristics of the different styles is the way that humans are depicted in the paintings.

The more recent paintings show people in static poses.

But the first human images to dominate rock art paintings,over ears ago,were full of movement.

These paintings showed people hunting and g food and so they were given the name‘Dynamic’to reflect this energy.

It's quite amazing considering they were painted in such a simple stick-like form.

In the Yam period,there was a movement away from stick figures to a more naturalistic shape.

However,they didn't go as far as the Modern style,which is known as'x-ray'because it actually makes a feature of the internal skeleton as well as the organs of animals and humans.

The Yam style of painting got its name from the fact that it featured much curvier figures that actually resemble the vegetable called a yam,which is similar to a sweet potato.

The Modern paintings are interesting because they include paintings at the time of the first contact with European settlers.

Aborigines managed to convey the idea of the settlers’clothing by simply painting the Europeans without any hands,indicating the habit of standing with their hands in their pockets!

Size is another characteristic.

The more recent images tend to be life size or even larger,but the Dynamic figures are painted in miniature.

Aboriginal rock art also records the environmental changes that occurred over thousands of years.

For example,we know from the Dynamic paintings that over 8,000 years ago,Aborigines would have rarely eaten fish and sea levels were much lower at this time.

In fact,fish didn’t start to appear in paintings until the Yam period along with shells and other marine images.

The paintings of the Yam tradition also suggest that,during this time,the Aborigines moved away from animals as their main food source and began including vegetables in their diet,as these feature prominently.

Freshwater creatures didn't appear in the paintings until the Modern period from 4,000 years ago.

So,these paintings have already taught us a lot.

But one image that has always intrigued us is known as the'Rainbow Serpent'.

The Rainbow Serpent,which is the focus of my most recent project,gets its name from its snake or serpent-like body and it first appeared in the Yam period 4 to 6,000 years ago.

Many believe it is a curious mixture of kangaroo,snake and crocodile.

But we decided to study the Rainbow Serpent paintings to see if we could locate the animal that the very first painters based their image on.

The Yam period coincided with the end of the last ice age.

This brought about tremendous change in the environment,with the sea levels rising and creeping steadily inland.

This flooded many familiar land features and also caused a great deal of disruption to traditional of life,hunting in particular.

New shores were formed and totally different creatures would have washed up onto the shores.

We studied 107 paintings of the Rainbow Serpent and found that the one creature that matches it most closely was the Ribboned Pipefish,which is a type of sea horse.

This sea creature would have been a totally unfamiliar sight in the inland regions where the image is found and may have been the inspiration behind the early paintings.

So,at the end of the ice age there would have been enormous changes in animal and plant life.

It's not surprising then,that the Aborigines linked this abundance to the new creatures they witnessed.

Even today,Aborigines see the Rainbow Serpent symbol of creation,which is understandable given the increase in vegetation and the life forms that featured when the image first appeared.

二、Australian Aboringinal Rock Paint听力中文翻译：

大家早上好。

我应邀谈谈我对澳大利亚土著岩画的研究项目。

数千年来，澳大利亚土著人在岩壁上记录了他们时代的真实和象征性图像。

在这一传统的漫长历史中，出现了新的图像，发展了新的绘画风格。

这些特征可以用来对不同的艺术风格进行分类。

其中包括我们所说的动态、阴郁和现代风格的绘画。

不同风格最显著的特征之一是画中人物的描绘方式。

最近的画作展示了静态姿势的人。

但是，几年前，第一批主宰岩画的人类图像充满了动感。

这些画展示了人们狩猎和寻找食物，因此它们被命名为“动态”，以反映这种能量。

考虑到它们是以如此简单的棒状形式绘制的，这真是太神奇了。

在山药时期，有一种从木棍人物转向更自然的形状的运动。

然而，他们并没有走到现代风格的尽头，现代风格被称为“x射线”，因为它实际上是动物和人类的内部骨骼以及器官的特征。

山药风格的绘画之所以得名，是因为它的人物曲线更为弯曲，实际上很像一种名为山药的蔬菜，类似于红薯。

现代绘画很有趣，因为它们包括了第一次与欧洲殖民者接触时的绘画。

土著人通过简单地在欧洲人身上画没有手的图案来传达定居者的服装理念，这表明他们习惯于双手插在口袋里站着！

尺寸是另一个特征。

最近的图像往往是真人大小，甚至更大，但动态的人物画的是微型的。

土著岩画还记录了数千年来发生的环境变化。

例如，我们从动态绘画中了解到，8000多年前，土著人很少吃鱼，此时的海平面要低得多。

事实上，直到亚姆时期，鱼才开始与贝壳和其他海洋图像一起出现在绘画中。

山药传统的绘画也表明，在此期间，土著居民不再以动物为主要食物来源，开始在饮食中加入蔬菜，因为蔬菜是他们的主要特色。

淡水生物直到4000年前的现代时期才出现在画作中。

所以，这些画已经教会了我们很多。

但有一张图片一直吸引着我们，那就是“彩虹蛇”。

彩虹蛇是我最近一个项目的重点，它的名字来源于它的蛇或类似蛇的身体，它最早出现在4到6000年前的山药时期。

许多人认为它是袋鼠、蛇和鳄鱼的奇怪混合物。

但我们决定研究彩虹蛇的绘画，看看我们是否能找到第一批画家所画的动物。

亚姆期与最后一个冰河期的结束相吻合。

这给环境带来了巨大的变化，海平面上升并稳步向内陆移动。

这淹没了许多熟悉的土地特征，也对传统生活造成了很大的破坏，尤其是狩猎。

新的海岸形成了，完全不同的生物会被冲上海岸。

我们研究了107幅彩虹蛇的画作，发现最接近彩虹蛇的生物是条纹海龙，这是一种海马。

在发现这幅图像的内陆地区，这种海洋生物可能是一种完全陌生的景象，可能是早期绘画背后的灵感来源。

因此，在冰河世纪末，动物和植物的生活将会发生巨大的变化。

因此，毫不奇怪，土著人将这种丰富性与他们目睹的新生物联系起来。

即使在今天，土著人仍然看到彩虹蛇是造物的象征，这是可以理解的，因为当这张图像首次出现时，植被和生命形式都在增加。

三、Australian Aboringinal Rock Paint听力问题：

Question 31-36

Write the correct letter,A,BorC,next to questions 31-36.Features

31 figures revealing bones 31

32 rounded figures 32

33 figures with parts missing 33

34 figures smaller than life size 34

35 sea creatures 35

36 plants 36

Painting Styles

A.Dynamic

B.Yam

C.Modern

Question 37-40

Complete the notes below.

Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each answer.

Rainbow Serpent Project

Aim of project:to identify the used as the basis for the Rainbow Serpent

Yam Period

•environmental changes led to higher

•traditional activities were affected,especially

Rainbow Serpent image

•similar to a sea horse

•unusual because it appeared in inland areas

•symbolises in Aboriginal culture

四、Australian Aboringinal Rock Paint听力答案：

31.C

32.B

33.C

34.A

35.B

36.B

37.animal/creature

38.sea level/water level/sea levels/water levels

39.hunting

40.creation

五、Australian Aboringinal Rock Paint听力答案解析

31.C此题相对较难，因为题干中的单词都不是专有名词，很难定位。在听到Modern style之后，原文中出现了...it actually makes a feature of the internal skeleton，其中原文skeleton和题干中的bones都是表示骨骼的意思。

32.B此题的定位词是Yam style以及curvier。

33.C听到Modern paintings之后注意聆听题干的同义转换，发现原文中出现了the Europeans without any hands，这和题干表达的意思一致。

34.A此题的答案出现在转折词but之后。

35.B原文中提到了fish，并且在同一个句子中出现了Yam period,只要考生能够反应过来fish和sea creatures是同义表达的话就不难选出答案。

36.B听力原文在35题的答案出现之后反复强调Yam tradition，考生可以据此作答。

37.animal/creature首先判断答案应该是名词，然后发现题干中的identify和原文中的locate是同义转换，根据这两点可以作答。

38.sea/water level(s)environment和change是此题的定位词。并且题干中的higher和原文中的rising都表达升高的意思。因而，可以根据这两点找出答案。

39.hunting原文中的traditional patterns的意思是传统模式，和题干中的traditional activities是同义表达。并且，especially和原文中的particular的意思都是“特别，特殊”。那么这两对同义转换足以帮助考生定位答题点。

40.creation此题的答案creation在录音中被明显重读。笔记填空题中，凡是明显重读的单词往往是正确答案。