Antarctica剑桥雅思5-听力原文翻译及答案解析

一、Antarctica听力原文：

Tonight I'm going to talk to you about that remarkable continent Antarctica-remote,hostile and at present uninhabited on a permanent basis.

For early explorers,it was the ultimate survival contest;

for researchers like me,it remains a place of great intellectual challenge;

while for the modern tourist,it's simply a wilderness of great beauty.

First,some facts and figures.

Antarctica is a place of extremes-the highest,coldest and windiest continent and over fifty-eight times the size of the UK.

The ice-cap contains almost 70%of the world's fresh water and 90%of its ice,but with very low snowfall,most of the continent technically falls unbelievably into the category of'desert'!

Huge icebergs break off the continent each year,while in winter half the surrounding ocean freezes over,which means its size almost doubles.

Research and exploration has been going on in Antarctica for more than two hundred years,and has involved scientists from many different countries,who work together on research stations.

Here science and technical support have been integrated in a very cost-effective way-our Antarctic research programme has several summers-only stations and two all-year-round ones;

I was based on one of the all-year-round ones.

The research stations are really self-contained communities of about twenty people.

There's living and working space,a kitchen with a huge food store,a small hospital and a well-equipped gym to ensure everyone keeps fit in their spare time.

The station generates its own electricity and communicates with the outside world using a satellite link.

Our station-Zero One-had some special features.

It wasn't built on land but on an ice-shelf,hundreds of metres thick.

Supplies were brought to us on large sledges from a ship fifteen kilometres away at the ice edge.

Living in the Antarctic hasn't always been so comfortable.

Snow build-ups caused enormous problems for four previous stations on the same site,which were buried and finally crushed by the weight.

Fortunately no-one was hurt,but these buildings became a huge challenge to architects who finally came up with a remarkable solution-the buildings are placed on platforms which can be raised above the changing snow level on legs which are extendable.

Food is one of the most important aspects of survival in a polar climate.

People living there need to obtain a lot more energy from their food,both to keep warm and to undertake heavy physical work.

Maybe you know that an adult in the UK will probably need about 1,700 kilocalories a day on average;

someone in Antarctica will need about 3,500-just over double!

This energy is provided by foods which are high in carbohydrate and fat.

Rations for fieldwork present an additional problem.

They need to provide maximum energy,but they must also be compact and light for easy transport.

Special boxes are prepared,each containing enough food for one person for twenty days.

You may be familiar with coffee processed by freeze-drying,which preserves the quality of the food product while making a large saving in weight-well,this type of presentation is ideal in our situation.

It wasn't available to earlier polar explorers,whose diet was commonly insufficient for their health.

I think that being at the cutting edge of science has a special appeal for everyone working in Antarctica,in whatever capacity.

As a marine biologist,my own research was fascinating;

but it's perhaps climate change research that is the most crucial field of study.

Within this general field,surveying changes in the volume and stability of the ice-cap is vital,since these may have profound effects on world sea levels and on ocean currents.

A second important area is monitoring the size of the hole in the ozone layer above Antarctica,since this is an indicator of global ultra-violet radiation levels.

Thirdly,bubbles in the ice-sheet itself provide an index of pollution because frozen inside them are samples of previous atmospheres over the past 500,000 years,and these provide us with evidence for the effects of such human activities as agriculture and industry.

There are an increasing number of opportunities for young people to work for a period in Antarctica-not only as research assistants in projects like mine,but also in a wide range of junior administrative and technical positions including vacancies for map-makers.

I hope that the insights I've provided will encourage you to take up these opportunities in this fascinating continent.

二、Antarctica听力中文翻译：

今晚，我要和你们谈谈南极洲这片非凡的大陆——遥远、充满敌意，目前永久无人居住。

对于早期的探险家来说，这是一场终极生存竞赛；

对于像我这样的研究人员来说，这仍然是一个智力挑战极大的地方；

而对于现代游客来说，这只是一片美丽的荒野。

首先，一些事实和数字。

南极洲是一个极端的地方，是最高、最冷、风最大的大陆，面积是英国的58倍多。

冰盖包含了世界上近70%的淡水和90%的冰，但由于降雪量很低，从技术上讲，大部分大陆都被划为“沙漠”一类，令人难以置信！

每年都会有巨大的冰山从大陆上脱落，而在冬天，周围一半的海洋都会结冰，这意味着它的大小几乎是原来的两倍。

南极洲的研究和探索已经进行了两百多年，来自许多不同国家的科学家参与了研究站的合作。

在这里，科学和技术支持以一种非常具有成本效益的方式得到了整合——我们的南极研究计划有几个夏季专用站和两个全年使用的站；

我是基于一个全年的。

研究站实际上是由大约20人组成的自给自足的社区。

这里有生活和工作空间，一个厨房和一个大型食品店，一个小医院和一个设备齐全的健身房，以确保每个人在业余时间都保持健康。

该电站自行发电，并通过卫星链路与外部世界进行通信。

我们的站零一有一些特别的功能。

它不是建在陆地上，而是建在数百米厚的冰架上。

物资是用大型雪橇从15公里外的冰缘船上运来的。

生活在南极并不总是那么舒适。

积雪给同一地点的前四个车站带来了巨大的问题，这些车站被掩埋，最后被重量压碎。

幸运的是，没有人受伤，但这些建筑对建筑师来说是一个巨大的挑战，他们最终想出了一个非凡的解决方案——这些建筑被放置在平台上，平台可以升高到不断变化的雪地之上，其支腿可以伸展。

食物是极地气候中生存的最重要方面之一。

生活在那里的人们需要从食物中获得更多的能量，以保持温暖和承担繁重的体力劳动。

也许你知道，英国成年人每天平均需要1700千卡热量；

南极洲的人将需要大约3500人——略高于两倍！

这种能量是由碳水化合物和脂肪含量高的食物提供的。

现场工作的口粮还存在另一个问题。

它们需要提供最大的能量，但也必须小巧轻便，便于运输。

准备了特殊的盒子，每个盒子里装的食物足够一个人吃20天。

你可能熟悉冷冻干燥加工的咖啡，它可以保持食品的质量，同时大大减轻重量——好吧，这种展示方式在我们的情况下是理想的。

早期的极地探险家没有这种食物，他们的饮食通常不足以维持健康。

我认为，处于科学前沿对在南极洲工作的每一个人都有着特殊的吸引力，无论以何种身份。

作为一名海洋生物学家，我自己的研究很吸引人；

但也许气候变化研究才是最关键的研究领域。

在这一总体领域内，调查冰盖体积和稳定性的变化至关重要，因为这些变化可能对世界海平面和洋流产生深远影响。

第二个重要领域是监测南极上空臭氧层空洞的大小，因为这是全球紫外线辐射水平的指标。

第三，冰盖中的气泡本身提供了一个污染指数，因为冰层中冻结的气泡是过去50万年中以前大气的样本，这些气泡为我们提供了农业和工业等人类活动影响的证据。

年轻人有越来越多的机会在南极洲工作一段时间，不仅是作为像我这样的项目的研究助理，而且还担任各种初级行政和技术职位，包括地图制作人员的空缺。

我希望我提供的见解将鼓励你们在这个迷人的大陆抓住这些机会。

三、Antarctica听力问题：

Question 31-40

Complete the notes below.

Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer.ANTARCTICA

GEOGRAPHY

•world's highest,coldest and windiest continent

•more than times as big as the UK

•most of the area is classified as

RESEARCH STATIONS

•international teams work together

•is integrated with technical support

•stations contain accommodation,work areas,a kitchen,a and a gym

•supplies were brought to Zero One station by sledge from a at the edge of the ice 15 km away

•problem of snow build-ups solved by building stations on with adjustable less

FOOD AND DIET

•average daily requirement for an adult in Antarctica is approximately

kilocalories

•rations for field work prepared by process of freeze-drying

RESEARCH

The most important research focuses on climate change,including-measuring changes in the ice-cap(because of effects on sea levels and)

•monitoring the hole in the ozone layer

•analysing air from bubbles in ice to measure caused by human

WORK OPPORTUNITIES

Many openings for people including

•research assistants

•administrative and technical positions

四、Antarctica听力答案：

31.58

32.desert

33.science

34.hospital/small hospital

35.ship

36.platforms

37.3,500

38.currents/ocean currents

39.pollution/the pollution

40.young

五、Antarctica听力答案解析

Question 31 58.more than...times as...as...这是一个非常典型的表达倍数关系的语法结构，因而考生可以判断出此题应该填写的是一个数字。

Question 32 desert.be classified as和fall into the category of是同义表达。

Question 33 science.此题考查的是考生的短期记忆能力。定位词integrated在答题点之后才出现。

Question 34 hospital/small hospital.此题考查的是并列结构，考生可以根据题目中并列的单词看出答案是名词词组。

Question 35 ship.此题考生只要听到sledge就可以判断出答案。

Question 36 platforms.动词solve的名词形式是solution。

Question 37 3，500.根据顺序原则可以排除迷惑信息1700。

Question 38 currents/ocean currents.because of和since是同义表达，都可以引导一个表示原因的词组。

Question 39（the）pollution.index of pollution表示的是污染的指数，此处的measure表达同样的意思，都是表示衡量污染的情况。

Question 40 young.openings和opportunities是同义表达。