Personal Finance剑桥雅思5-听力原文翻译及答案解析

一、Personal Finance听力原文：

OK,so we've been looking at the attitudes of various social and cultural groups towards the management of their personal finances-how important they feel it is to save money,and what they save their money for.

One aspect that we haven't yet considered is gender.

So if we consider gender issues we're basically asking whether men and women have different attitudes towards saving money,and whether they save money for different things.

Back in 1928 the British writer George Bernard Shaw wrote in his Intelligent Women's Guide to Socialism and Capitalism that'A man is supposed to understand politics,economics and finance and is therefore unwilling to accept essential instruction.

'He also said,‘A woman,having fewer pretensions,is far more willing to learn'.

Now,though these days people might question a lot of the assumptions contained in those statements,recent research does suggest that there are some quite fundamental differences between men and women in their attitudes to economic matters.

Let's look at what men and women actually save for.

Research studies of women in North America have found that women are far more likely to save for their children's education and they are also more likely to save up in order to buy a house one day.

The same studies have found that men,on the other hand,tend to save for a car,which by the way takes a surprisingly large amount of the household budget in North America.

But the other main priority for men when saving money is their retirement.

When they're earning,they're far more likely to put money aside for their old age than women are.

Now this is rather disturbing,because in fact the need for women to save for their old age is far greater than for men.

Let's consider this for a moment.

To start with,it is a fact that throughout the world,women are likely to live many years longer than men,so they need money to support them during this time.

Since women are likely to be the ones left without a partner in old age,they may therefore have to pay for nursing care,because they don't have a spouse to look after them.

Furthermore the high divorce rates in North America are creating a poverty cycle for women.

It is the divorced women who will most often have to look after the children and thus they need more money to look after not just themselves but others.

So what can be done about this situation?

The population in North America is likely to contain an increasing number of elderly women.

The research indicates that at present for women it takes a crisis to make them think about their future financial situation.

But of course this is the very worst time for anyone to make important decisions.

Women today need to look ahead,think ahead-not wait until they're under pressure.

Even women in their early twenties need to think about pensions,for example,and with increasing numbers of women in professional positions there are signs that this is beginning to happen.

Then research also suggests that women avoid dealing effectively with their economic situation because of a lack of confidence.

The best way for them to overcome this is by getting themselves properly informed so they are less dependent on other people's advice.

A number of initiatives have been set up to help them do this.

This College,for example,is one of the educational institutions which offers night classes in Money Management,and increasing numbers of women are enrolling on such courses.

Here,they can be given advice on different ways of saving.

Many women are unwilling to invest in stocks and shares,for instance,but these can be extremely profitable.

It is usually advised that at least 70%of a person's savings should be in low-risk investments but for the rest,financial advisors often advise taking some well-informed risks.

Initiatives such as this can give women the economic skills and knowledge they need for a comfortable,independent retirement.

The increasing proportion of elderly women in the population is likely to have other economic consequences…

二、Personal Finance听力中文翻译：

好的，我们一直在关注各种社会和文化群体对个人财务管理的态度——他们觉得省钱有多重要，以及他们省钱的目的是什么。

我们尚未考虑的一个方面是性别。

因此，如果我们考虑性别问题，我们基本上是在问男性和女性是否对省钱有不同的态度，以及他们是否为不同的事情省钱。

早在1928年，英国作家萧伯纳（GeorgeBernardShaw）在其《聪明的女性社会主义和资本主义指南》中写道：“男人应该了解政治、经济和金融，因此不愿意接受必要的指导。

他还说，“一个女人，没有那么自命不凡，更愿意学习”。

现在，尽管这些天人们可能会对这些说法中的许多假设提出质疑，但最近的研究确实表明，男女在对待经济问题的态度上存在着一些相当根本的差异。

让我们看看男人和女人到底为了什么存钱。

对北美女性的研究发现，女性更有可能为孩子的教育存钱，她们也更有可能为了有一天买房而存钱。

同样的研究发现，另一方面，男性倾向于为汽车存钱，顺便说一句，这在北美家庭预算中占据了惊人的比例。

但男性存钱的另一个主要优先事项是退休。

当她们挣钱时，她们比女性更有可能为晚年存钱。

现在这相当令人不安，因为事实上，女性比男性更需要为晚年储蓄。

让我们考虑一下这个问题。

首先，事实是，在全世界，女性的寿命可能比男性长很多年，因此她们需要钱来支持她们。

由于女性很可能在老年时失去伴侣，因此她们可能不得不支付护理费用，因为她们没有配偶照顾她们。

此外，北美的高离婚率正在为女性创造一个贫穷周期。

离婚的女性往往需要照顾孩子，因此她们需要更多的钱来照顾自己和他人。

那么，对于这种情况，我们能做些什么呢？

北美的人口中可能会有越来越多的老年妇女。

研究表明，目前对于女性来说，需要一场危机才能让她们思考自己未来的财务状况。

当然，这是任何人做出重要决定的最糟糕时刻。

今天的女性需要向前看，向前想——而不是等到她们面临压力时。

例如，即使是20出头的女性也需要考虑养老金问题，随着越来越多的女性担任专业职位，有迹象表明这种情况正在开始发生。

研究还表明，女性由于缺乏自信而避免有效处理自己的经济状况。

对他们来说，克服这一问题的最好方法是让自己得到适当的信息，这样他们就不会太依赖别人的建议。

为了帮助他们做到这一点，已经制定了许多举措。

例如，这所学院是提供资金管理夜校的教育机构之一，越来越多的女性报名参加此类课程。

在这里，他们可以得到关于不同储蓄方式的建议。

例如，许多女性不愿意投资股票和股票，但这些股票和股票可能非常有利可图。

人们通常建议，一个人至少70%的储蓄应用于低风险投资，但对于其余部分，财务顾问通常建议承担一些知情的风险。

像这样的举措可以为女性提供舒适、独立退休所需的经济技能和知识。

老年妇女在人口中所占比例的增加可能会产生其他经济后果…

三、Personal Finance听力问题：

Question 31-35

Complete the sentences below.

Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.

31 According to George Bernard Shaw,men are supposed to understand,economics and finance.

32 However,women are more prepared toabout them.

33 Women tend to save forand a house.

34 Men tend to save forand for retirement.

35 Women who are left alone may have to pay forwhen they are old.

Question 36-40

Complete the summary below.

Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer.

Saving for the future

Research indicates that many women only think about their financial future when a

occurs.This is the worst time to make decisions.It is best for women to start thinking about pensions when they are in their A good way for women to develop their in dealing with financial affairs would be to attend classes in When investing in stocks and shares,it is suggested that women should put a high proportion of their savings in

In such ways,women can have a comfortable,independent retirement.

四、Personal Finance听力答案：

31.politics

32.learn

33.children's education/their children's education

34.a car

35.nursing care

36.crisis

37.early twenties

38.confidence

39.money management

40.low-risk investments

五、Personal Finance听力答案解析

Question 31 politics.题目中出现表示人名、地名、机构名称的单词或者词组是定位答题点的最好的选择，此题中出现了“Gerorge Bernard Shaw”是定位词，提示考生答案会立即出现。另外，根据“economics and finance”可以预测出此处需要填写一个名词。understand提示了答案是“politics.”

Question 32 learn.prepare to do sth.从这个固定搭配中得知，此处应该填写一个动词。原文中的“be willing to learn”和“be prepared to learn”是同义转换。

Question 33 children's education/their children's education.far more likely to do sth.和tend to do sth.是同义转换，由此可以得知答案是their children's education。

Question 34 a car.路标词on the other hand提示考生答案会立即出现。

Question 35 nursing care.since在文中表示“因为”，而不是“自从”。除此之外，表示结果的路标词“therefore”出现，提示考生答案是nursing care。

Question 36 crisis.定位词research和women提示考生答案会马上出现，并且crisis重读。

Question 37 early twenties.题目中when提示此题应该填写一个表示时间的词组，原文中出现的in their twenties表示“在20多岁的时候”。

Question 38 confidence.because of是表示原因的词组，在这类表示原因的词组之后经常会出现答案。

Question 39 money management.题目当中提到classes，而原文中提到的night classes正是classes的一种，因而提示考生答案会是money management。

Question 40 low-risk investments.题目之中的it is suggested that women should...和听力原文中it is advised that...should...是同义转换。